In your search for the best air purifiers, you may come across models labeled as “HEPA” or “HEPA-type.” These terms might seem pretty much identical at first glance, but don’t be deceived: HEPA and HEPA-type filters aren’t the same. They generally differ in quality, effectiveness, and other key aspects. However, many shoppers are unaware of these differences and are often left puzzled about which type of filter to choose. Then there are others who mistake one for the other and fail to get the freshness and relief they hoped for. The confusion ends right here.
In this article, we’ll take a closer look at HEPA and HEPA-type filters to unravel the mystery surrounding them. We’ll explore what they are, key differences between them, and the ideal one for you. Stay tuned.
A High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter is a type of pleated mechanical filter designed to capture at least 99.97% of all airborne particles as small as 0.3 microns (µm), including pollen, dust, bacteria, and even some viruses. Prized for its exceptional efficiency, this specialized filter generally consists of a dense maze of randomly arranged fibers tightly packed together to trap as many particulates as possible.
Before comparing HEPA and HEPA-type filters, it’s important to understand what makes a HEPA filter HEPA. To be classified as such, the filter must first undergo rigorous testing using standards and techniques defined by third-party organizations and laboratories like:
During a HEPA certification test, regulated chemical aerosols are typically passed through the filter to ensure it meets or exceeds DOE’s minimum standard (99.97% removal of 0.3-micron particles). If the filter meets the defined thresholds, it earns the HEPA certification or approval, and relevant test data is printed on a label that is affixed to the air filter.
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When we refer to HEPA filters, we’re specifically talking about “True” or “Absolute” HEPA filters, which are considered the gold standard for air filter efficiency. Frustratingly, however, marketers and manufacturers have begun using terms like “HEPA-type” and “HEPA-style” to describe their products, which can confuse consumers. Let’s look at the differences between True HEPA and HEPA-type filters:
Many filters are labeled “HEPA-type” to convince buyers that they’re getting the same filtration a certified HEPA filter offers when, in fact, they’re not. These HEPA alternatives don’t undergo rigorous performance testing to meet strict filtration standards or provide the same performance guarantees that come with genuine HEPA filters. For instance, absolute HEPA filters must remove 99.97% of particles that are 0.3 microns or more in size, whereas there’s no such requirement for HEPA-type filters. Consequently, a HEPA-style filter boasting efficiency rates of, say, 99% may struggle to capture the smallest and most harmful particles. Not a risk you want to take with something that should be improving your health.
Another key difference between True HEPA and HEPA-type filters is their efficiency levels, as seen in their MERV filter ratings. MERV, which stands for “Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value,” reflects a filter’s ability to capture airborne particles from 0.3 to 10.0 microns. Notably, the MERV rating for home air filters can range from 1 (least efficient) to 16 (extremely efficient). HEPA filters exceed this standard with MERV ratings of 17 to 20, indicating extraordinary efficiency. By contrast, HEPA-style filters typically fall in the 13-16 range on the MERV rating scale. This is because HEPA-type filters generally capture between 75-95% of 0.3-micron particles, which is less than the minimum 99.97% that True HEPA types guarantee.
Check out the EPA’s MERV rating chart.
With their strict standards, higher MERV ratings, and proven performance and efficiency, true HEPA filters offer superior protection against airborne allergens, including pollen, dust, mold, and pet dander. Again, these filters can eliminate 99.97% of airborne allergens as small as 0.3 microns, which is higher than the 75-95% removed by their non-certified HEPA-type counterparts.
A ~5% margin might seem small, but the performance difference becomes massive when calculated. Assuming a 95% efficiency level, a non-HEPA filter lets 5 out of every 100 particles through, while only 0.03 is allowed to enter a true HEPA filter. That means for every one particle a HEPA filter lets slip, approximately 166 particles pass through a HEPA-type filter. True HEPA filters are the clear choice for indoor environments where clean, fresh air is crucial, including hospitals, cleanrooms, and homes with individuals with asthma, severe allergies, or respiratory conditions.
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The choice between a true HEPA and a HEPA-type filter ultimately boils down to your specific requirements for your environment. If maintaining safe and clean indoor spaces is your goal, a True HEPA filter has clear advantages over HEPA-type variants.
Firstly, the superior efficiency of True HEPA filters means they rid your home of more airborne particles that could otherwise make your home dusty, cause musty smells, or trigger your allergies, which is especially crucial for vulnerable groups. Additionally, their tested and certified filtration performance offers peace of mind knowing you’re getting a genuine product that will deliver the best results for as long as possible. Not only that, their superior quality results in a longer lifespan, more consistent performance over time, and fewer filter changes.
Some might argue that HEPA-type filters may provide sufficient filtration in certain situations, but with your family’s health and comfort at stake, it’s a huge compromise, especially if you live in a state with the most polluted air. So, ignore all the knock-offs, invest in a True HEPA air purifier, and enjoy the quality air you deserve.
Learn how to offset the cost of FSA/HSA-eligible air purifiers.
Despite their remarkable benefits, HEPA filters do not remove gaseous pollutants, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and unpleasant odors. Not to worry, though, the TruFlow Series Smart HEPA Air Purifier blends advanced HEPA and activated carbon filtration to remove up to 99.9% of airborne pollutants, including those that HEPA filtration can’t combat on its own. Where the HEPA filter targets solid particles, the activated carbon filter neutralizes VOCs, odors, chemical fumes, and gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO), through a process called adsorption.
This Smart Air Purifier is also packed with plenty of other innovative and convenient features, including:
If this HEPA air purifier sounds like something you’d be interested in, you may be able to use your HSA/FSA funds to cover the purchase.
The key takeaway here is never to assume that because a filter has “HEPA” on its label, it is a genuine HEPA filter. Always look for the “True HEPA” designation and reliable third-party certifications, such as the “UL” mark, which indicates that the filter meets recognized safety and performance standards. Or better yet, check the numbers presented and marketed to you. A legitimate HEPA filter should capture at least 99.97% of particles at 0.3 microns in size; anything else may be marketing jargon and may not deliver HEPA-grade performance. When in doubt, stick to reliable and trustworthy brands like TrustedAir to ensure you’re getting a proven, reliable product.
To learn more about TrustedAir’s HEPA air purifiers, call us at (877) 869-1507 or message us. One of our air quality experts will be available to answer any questions you may have and help you find the ideal air purification solution for your specific needs.
